Recreational and Fitness Inline Skating
Technical terms and vocabulary
As you dive into the fascinating world of recreational and fitness inline skating, you’ll quickly come across a wide range of terms, abbreviations, and technical jargon that can often seem confusing, especially for beginners.
But don’t worry! With our comprehensive inline skating glossary, you’ll stay on top of it all.
Whether you’re a beginner, an enthusiastic recreational skater, returning to the sport, or simply curious, our glossary will guide you step by step through all the essential know-how.
Overview
Technical terms and vocabulary – Recreational and Fitness Inline Skating
Table of contents
From trick names and technical terms to setup details, here you’ll find everything you need to skate confidently and well-informed.
Our alphabetically sorted glossary lists clearly and understandably explain the most important terms related to inline skating, practical and ready to use.
The best part: we continuously expand our glossary.
- Glossary of hardware terms in recreational and fitness inline skating (components)
View - Basic terms and technical terms for skating techniques and trick descriptions in recreational and fitness inline skating
View
And the best thing? Our glossary is constantly updated and expanded. This way, you’ll always stay up to date with the inline skating scene and can keep informed about current trends, new techniques, and the latest buzzwords.
Vocabulary and components – Recreational and Fitness Inline Skating
Technical terms for hardware in Recreational and Fitness Inline Skating
- 3D Adapd Padding
3D Adapt Padding in inline skates is a special type of inner padding in the liner, designed in three dimensions to optimally adapt to the anatomical shape of the foot and ankle.
Inline skates with this type of padding offer high comfort.
Please note, however, that the overall shell shape of the skate still needs to suit your foot type (e.g. narrow, medium, or wide foot). - 45° Closure
The 45° closure (also known as 45° strap or mid-strap) on inline skates is a closure system that runs diagonally across the instep of the foot, roughly at a 45° angle between the toes and the shin.
This closure plays an important role in providing support, power transfer, and comfort. - ABEC
ABEC stands for Annular Bearing Engineering Committee, it is an industry standard used to rate the precision and tolerance of ball bearings.
The ABEC rating indicates how precisely and accurately a bearing has been manufactured.
The higher the ABEC rating, the tighter the manufacturing tolerances, the more efficient the rotation (less energy loss), and the potentially higher the achievable speed.
Important: A higher ABEC rating does not automatically mean that the bearing is “better.” Many other factors play a role here, such as the material used, material quality, how well the bearing is sealed (bearing shield), what type of lubrication it has, and more. - Arch Support
Arch support in inline skates — just like in sports shoes — refers to the targeted support of the arch of the foot, the slightly curved area on the inside of the foot between the ball and heel.
Many insoles feature a raised section in this area, but this does not suit every foot type.
If a skate feels uncomfortable or causes pressure in the arch area, or if you experience cramps or numbness in your feet while skating, it is a good idea to remove the insole and test how the skate feels without it.
If needed, it may be worth trying a different insole that provides a better fit for your foot. - Axles
Axles refer to the screws that are used to attach the wheels to the frame of the inline skate. - Ball bearings
Bearings are a key component in inline skates, they sit inside the wheels and allow them to spin smoothly and efficiently.
Each bearing consists of an outer and an inner ring, with several small steel or ceramic balls rotating between them.
Each skate wheel uses two bearings.
So you always need twice as many bearings as you have wheels. - Bearing cage (labyrinth)
The ball cage (also called retainer or sometimes labyrinth) is an internal component of the bearing that keeps the balls evenly spaced and guides them in position during rotation.
The cage prevents the balls from coming into contact with one another, which results in reduced friction.
In some types of bearings, the cage can be removed to allow for cleaning and re-greasing of the individual balls. - Bearing inner diameter
The bearing inner diameter is the measurement of the inner ring of a bearing, this is the part that sits directly on the axle.
This measurement must match the axle size of the skate to ensure the bearing is properly mounted and runs smoothly.
8 mm is the common standard for most inline skates → fits standard 8 mm axles.
6 mm axles are used in some kids' skates, certain K2 skates, or special lightweight frames → used in combination with the correct spacers and adapters (6 mm spacers). - Bearing lubrication
Bearing lubrication is a crucial factor for the performance, lifespan, and maintenance of bearings in inline skates.
It reduces friction between the balls and rings, protects against wear, and can even provide corrosion resistance.
Grease is thicker, adheres well, is low-maintenance, offers better protection against water and dirt, and is typically used in urban, recreational, or all-round skating.
Oil is lighter, provides fast spin, requires more frequent maintenance, offers only limited protection against water and dirt, and is usually used in speed skating or competition. - Bearing material
Bearing material refers to the types of materials used to manufacture the various components of an inline skate bearing.
The choice of material greatly affects the performance, durability, corrosion resistance, weight, and maintenance of the bearings.
The most commonly used materials are:
Steel (e.g. carbon steel)
→ The standard material for all-round bearings.
Stainless steel (e.g. chrome steel)
→ Rust-resistant or much less prone to corrosion — ideal for wet or humid conditions.
Ceramic
→ High-end bearings: very fast, extremely smooth, and corrosion-resistant (ceramic itself does not rust).
Coatings:
Some bearings are further titanium nitride-coated. This coating provides an even smoother surface, reduced friction, and additional corrosion protection.
Important to know: Bearings are typically made from a combination of materials.
For example:
Rings made of stainless steel
Shields made of steel
Labyrinth (seal) made of nylon
Balls made of ceramic
As a result, a high-quality stainless steel bearing can often perform better in real-world use than a so-called ceramic bearing in which only the balls are ceramic, while the rings are made of rust-prone steel.
Tip: When purchasing, always check exactly which materials each component of the bearing is made from!
You’ll find this information clearly listed in the product specifications on each product page of our website. - Bearing outer diameter
The bearing outer diameter is the measurement of the outer ring of the bearing, this is the part that fits into the wheel.
This measurement must match the bore (bearing seat) of the wheel exactly, so that the bearing fits securely and functions optimally.
22 mm is the absolute standard in inline skating → fits all common wheels with 608 bearing seat (note: there are exceptions). - Bearing rings
Bearing rings are the two concentric components of a bearing, between which the balls rotate.
They form the structural framework of the bearing and provide the necessary guidance for the motion.
Inner ring:
Sits on the axle, rotates with the wheel, and transfers motion to the balls.
Outer ring:
Fits firmly inside the wheel, usually remains stationary, and holds the bearing in place inside the wheel. - Bearing shield
The bearing shield (also called shield or sealing) is a cover located on the outer or inner side of the bearing.
Its purpose is to protect the internal components — especially the balls and cage — from dirt, dust, water, and moisture.
The shield helps to:
protect against contamination, extend the lifespan of the bearing, and influence the smoothness of rotation and ease of maintenance.
Common types of bearing shields and their typical designations:
ZZ (double metal shield):
→ 2 metal shields (outside & inside) = durable, but not waterproof.
RS or 2RS (rubber seal):
→ 1 or 2 rubber shields = better sealing, slightly higher friction.
RZ or 2RZ (low-friction rubber seal):
→ 1 or 2 rubber shields = solid sealing with low rolling resistance. - Bearing Spacer
A bearing spacer is a small but very important component that sits between the two bearings inside a wheel.
It ensures that the bearings are properly aligned and function efficiently, especially under lateral pressure while skating.
The spacer ensures that the wheel is neither too loose nor too tight, allowing it to spin freely at all times. - Bearing special treatment
Bearing special treatment refers to additional refinements or surface treatments applied to inline skate bearings to give them enhanced properties.
The goal is to improve durability, smoothness, corrosion resistance, or speed.
Common treatments include:
Ceramic coating or ceramic balls
Properties: Less friction, extremely lightweight, corrosion-free, very durable.
Ideal for speed skating or very demanding skaters.
Titanium nitride (TiN) coating
Properties: Gold-colored protective layer, increases hardness and lifespan, reduces friction, and improves corrosion resistance.
Stainless steel construction
Rust-free, ideal for wet or humid conditions. Slightly heavier than standard steel, perfect for all-weather skaters.
Bearings enhanced with ceramic balls and titanium nitride coating, for example, offer extremely low rolling resistance, maximum precision, and exceptional durability. - Bearing standard
The bearing standard (also known as bearing norm) defines the technical dimensions and specifications by which a bearing is manufactured.
In inline skating, Type 608 is the dominant standard — almost all commercially available wheels and skates are designed for this (though other types, like 688 bearings or mini bearings, also exist).
Type 608 = Outer diameter: 22 mm, Inner diameter: 8 mm and Width: 7 mm. - BOA
The term BOA in inline skating refers to the BOA® Fit System, an innovative closure system that works via a dial mechanism, instead of traditional laces, Velcro straps, or ratchet buckles.
You turn a dial (usually made of plastic or metal) that evenly tightens fine, high-strength cables (typically made from steel or Dyneema®).
To release: pull or turn the dial (depending on the model), and the tension is released.
This system allows you to lace up a skate very quickly.
However, there is a downside: you cannot individually adjust the tension in different zones, for example, keeping the instep a little looser while tightening the top and bottom more firmly. - Boot stiffness
Boot stiffness describes how rigid or flexible the skate boot is, meaning how much it deforms or gives during skating, especially in areas like the shell, cuff, and upper material.
It is a key factor for support, power transfer, control, and also comfort while skating.
Higher stiffness provides more control and better power transfer, while lower stiffness offers greater flexibility and mobility. - Boot support
Boot support refers to how well the inline skate boot stabilizes and guides the foot, especially the ankle.
Good support is essential for control, safety, and efficient skating, particularly during demanding movements, at higher speeds, or on uneven surfaces. - Boot type
Boot type in inline skating refers to the construction and design of the skate boot.
It has a major impact on comfort, support, stability, weight, and the intended use.
In general, there are three main types: hard boot, soft boot, and hybrid boot, each with its own specific advantages and disadvantages.
Hard boot (hard shell):
Maximum protection and support, durable, with better power transfer and control.
A hard boot may require a longer break-in period.
Soft boot:
A more flexible boot made of textile, mesh, or powerknit, with integrated padding.
Usually lighter and often more comfortable, but provides less support and stability.
Hybrid boot:
A combination of hard boot stability and soft boot comfort, offering a good balance between support and wearing comfort. - Brake
A brake allows you to safely stop on inline skates without needing to master advanced techniques or unnecessarily wear down your wheels.
The most common types of brakes are:
Heel brake (classic brake):
Located at the rear of the skate and activated by tilting back the rear foot.
Cuff brake:
Activated via the calf. When you lean backward, the calf presses against a mechanism on the cuff, which engages the brake.
Synchro brake:
A sled-style brake also activated by the calf. It applies braking force evenly across all wheels, ideal for particularly controlled stops. - Buckle
The term buckle refers to a clasp or fastening mechanism used to secure an inline skate to the foot.
The term buckle does not refer to a specific type of clasp, but it does not include Velcro fasteners. - Buckle Head
The buckle head is the clasp lever, the part of the buckle that you use to close and secure the fastening. - Buckle Holder
The buckle holder, also known as a strap holder, is used, for example, on Velcro straps or 45° closures.
It serves as an anchor and guide through which the strap is threaded and securely fastened to the skate. - Buckle Receptor
The buckle receptor (German: Schnallen-Rezeptor) is the counterpart to the buckle in a ratchet closure on inline skates.
It is the receiving component into which the toothed buckle strap is inserted and where it locks into place when closed. - Buckle Strap
The buckle strap is the toothed plastic band of a ratchet closure.
It is threaded through the receptor and locked in incremental steps to securely and adjustably fasten the skate. - Closure system
The closure system of an inline skate determines how the skate is secured to the foot, in other words, how safe and comfortable the fit is.
A good closure is essential for control, stability, and skating comfort.
There are various types of closure systems, which are often combined: lacing systems, Velcro straps, or ratchet buckles. - Cuff
The cuff is the upper part of an inline skate that wraps around the ankle.
It is part of the outer shell (typically on a hard boot) or a reinforced section on soft boots.
The cuff is crucial for stability, control, and lateral support in the skate.
For example, the cuff supports the ankle, helps prevent rolling over, and enables controlled lateral movements. - Cuff screw / hinge screw
The cuff screw, also known as hinge screw, is the pivot screw that connects the cuff to the boot shell of an inline skate.
It is located on the side of the ankle area and forms the pivot point around which the cuff moves when the skater leans forward or backward. - Disc Closure
The term “disc closure” in inline skating refers to a dial-based closure system, where a round dial (disc) is used to tighten the skate evenly and precisely.
It is often a non-branded system that looks and functions similarly to the BOA® system, but is not necessarily made by BOA. - Dual Point Mounting
Dual Point Mounting (in German: Zweipunkt-Montage) is a mounting technique used in inline skates, where the boot is attached to the frame using two screws, typically positioned at the front and rear of the skate.
The distance between the front and rear screws is usually either 165 mm or 195 mm, with 165 mm being the most common standard.
However, there are also variants with different distances, often found on children’s skates with smaller boot sizes.
This means: any frame with a 165 mm hole spacing will fit any skate boot with the corresponding 165 mm Dual Point Mounting.
A characteristic feature of this mounting system is that the heel area is slightly elevated, in contrast to the UFS mounting (Universal Frame System), which is flat and has no heel lift.
Dual Point and UFS mounting are therefore not compatible.
UFS mounting is typically used on aggressive inline skates. - EVA
EVA stands for ethylene-vinyl acetate, a lightweight, flexible, and shock-absorbing plastic material that is commonly used in padding, insoles, and cushioning elements in inline skates. - Eyelets
Eyelets are the small holes or metal rings in the upper part of an inline skate, through which the laces are threaded.
They are usually located in the front section of the boot (the vamp or instep area) and allow for precise lacing of the skate. - Fit
Fit describes how well an inline skate conforms to the skater’s foot, meaning how snug, comfortable, and secure the boot feels.
A good fit is crucial for comfort, control, safety, and performance.
On our website, you’ll find fit details in the product specifications for each model.
There you can see whether a skate is cut very narrow, narrow, medium, wide, or very wide. - Flat (Setup)
“Flat” (or flat setup) in inline skating refers to a wheel setup where all wheels are the same size and are mounted on the same level (hence “flat”), with no height difference between them. - Flex (cuff flexibility)
Flex, specifically cuff flex, in inline skates refers to the flexibility of the upper cuff area (also called the cuff), meaning how much it can bend forward or sideways during skating.
The cuff can be stiffer or softer, depending on the skate's construction.
Flex affects how mobile, responsive, and comfortable the skate feels. - Footies
Footies (also called “skate footies” or “ankle socks”) are thin, padded neoprene or fabric covers that are worn over the foot and ankle, in addition to regular socks.
They are primarily used to provide comfort, support, and protection while skating. - Frame
The frame on inline skates, also called the chassis or rail (in German: Schiene or Rahmen), is the structural component underneath the skate to which the wheels are attached.
It connects the boot to the ground and plays a key role in determining the skate’s handling, control, and intended use. - Frame length
Frame length refers to the length of the frame, measured from the first to the last wheel, specifically measured from the center of the first axle to the center of the last axle. - Frame mounting screws
Frame mounting bolts (or mounting screws) are the screws used to securely attach the frame (chassis) to the skate boot.
They connect the boot to the frame and are therefore critical for stability, power transfer, and safety while skating. - Frame mounting system
The frame mounting system describes the type and position of the connection between the skate boot and the frame of an inline skate.
It is crucial for compatibility, stability, and the skate’s handling characteristics.
The most common mounting standards are:
165 mm standard (Dual Point Mounting)
195 mm standard (Dual Point Mounting)
Trinity 3-point mounting
UFS (Universal Frame System) - Frame spacer
A frame spacer is a small but critical component that sits between the bearing and the frame (chassis) of an inline skate.
It ensures that the wheel is centered and securely positioned in the frame and allows it to spin freely and smoothly. - Front foot closure
The front foot closure refers to the closure system in the forefoot area of an inline skate.
When combined with a top buckle (upper buckle closure) and a 45° closure (over the instep), this system provides optimal support and maximum control.
While in recreational and fitness skating an additional buckle in the forefoot area is usually not necessary, and may even feel restrictive, it offers significant advantages in freestyle skating: it ensures an extra firm and stable hold of the foot in the front section of the skate, noticeably enhancing control and precision during complex movements and tricks.
A well-adjusted front foot closure can therefore greatly contribute to performance, especially in disciplines that demand a high level of movement accuracy. - Hard shell skate
A hard shell skate (also called a hardboot) is an inline skate with an outer boot made of durable, hard plastic.
In contrast to softboot skates (with textile or soft upper materials), a hardboot offers more stability, protection, and support, especially for more demanding use.
A hard shell skate is often a good choice even for beginners in fitness and recreational skating, as it provides significantly better stability compared to a softboot. - Heat molding
Heat molding is a process in which certain parts of an inline skate, most commonly the liner or the hard shell (often made of carbon fiber), are heat-treated to adapt to the individual shape of the foot.
This results in a better fit, greater comfort, and optimal control. - Hex (Allen key)
Hex (short for hexagon) or Allen key refers to a hexagonal tool used for socket head screws on inline skates.
In inline skating, a 4 mm hex key is typically used. - ILQ
ILQ stands for In-Line Qualified and is a bearing specification developed specifically for inline skating.
It serves as an alternative to the ABEC scale and is used in many skates, especially by brands like Twincam or Powerslide.
ILQ was designed with skaters in mind and evaluates not only manufacturing precision, but also durability, performance, and protection against contamination. - Insole
The insole (also called footbed) is a removable component inside the inline skate that lies directly under the foot.
It plays an important role in providing comfort, cushioning, and fit.
The insole offers additional comfort and improves the overall fit of the skate.
If needed, it can be replaced with an orthopedic or performance insole. - Lacing
Lacing is a classic closure system used in inline skates, where the skate is adjusted to the foot using laces.
It is located in the front area of the boot (over the instep) and is often combined with other closure systems such as a top buckle, 45° strap, or BOA system. - Liner
The liner is the removable, padded inner part of an inline skate that comes into direct contact with the foot.
It provides comfort, support, and cushioning and is crucial for the skating feel and fit of the skate.
A liner is replaceable and is not permanently attached to the skate.
A liner is typically used in a hard shell skate, a hardboot.
Softboot skates, on the other hand, usually do not have a separate liner. They feature a one-piece skeleton with integrated padding, where the interior cannot be removed or replaced. - Lubricant
Lubricant (or simply lube) is primarily used in inline skates for the bearings.
It reduces friction between the balls and the bearing rings, ensures smooth and quiet rolling, and protects the bearings from wear, moisture, and corrosion.
Each wheel of an inline skate typically requires two bearings.
Approximately 99% of all bearings used in inline skates conform to the 608 standard, an industrial standard for bearings with an outer diameter of 22 mm, inner diameter of 8 mm, and a width of 7 mm. - Memory foam
Memory foam (German: Formgedächtnis-Schaum) is a special viscoelastic foam commonly used in inline skates, particularly in the liner or at pressure points.
It adapts to the shape of the foot through body heat and pressure, providing maximum comfort and a perfect fit. - Mounting standard
The mounting standard in inline skating refers to the hole pattern and attachment method used to mount the frame (chassis) to the skate boot.
It is crucial for determining whether and how different boots and frames are compatible with each other.
The most commonly used mounting standards are:
165 mm standard (Dual Point Mounting)
195 mm standard (Dual Point Mounting)
Trinity 3-point mounting
UFS (Universal Frame System) - Natural rocker (setup)
A pre-rocker or natural rocker refers to an inline skate or frame with a built-in, pre-rockered wheel setup, where the wheel heights are not adjustable. - Powerknit
Powerknit is a modern upper material used in inline skates, particularly in softboots or fitness skates.
It is a knitted, breathable textile fabric that gives the skate a sock-like fit while still providing good support. - Protective gear
Protective gear (also called pads or protectors) refers to specialized safety equipment worn during inline skating to help prevent injuries from falls or collisions.
It primarily protects joints and sensitive areas of the body that are particularly at risk when falling.
Wearing protective gear not only makes you feel safer, it actually makes you safer, allowing you to try more challenging moves, tricks, and techniques.
This helps you learn faster and make more focused progress. - Quick-release
A quick release (also called quick lock) is a closure system on inline skates that allows for fast and easy on and off, without the need for lengthy lacing or fiddling with traditional straps.
It is commonly used on fitness and kids' skates, but is also found in modern performance models. - Receptor
The receptor is the receiving component for a closure strap on inline skates, for example, for a ratchet strap (buckle strap).
It is typically made of plastic or metal and is positioned opposite the buckle on the skate.
The receptor guides and secures the end of the strap (such as the toothed buckle strap). - Rivet mounting
Rivet mounting refers to a non-removable connection between the boot and the frame of an inline skate, the components are permanently riveted together instead of being bolted. - Riveted
Riveted refers to a permanent connection between two components using rivets, small metal pins that are pressed or hammered into place.
In inline skates, riveted connections are commonly found between the frame and the boot, especially on entry-level models or skates with fixed constructions.
Unlike bolted connections, riveted parts cannot be easily disassembled or replaced.
While this makes the construction stable, it also makes it less flexible for adjustments or tuning. - Rockered (setup)
A rockered setup is a wheel setup where at least one wheel (usually the front or rear wheel) is positioned higher than the middle wheel(s).
This setup is the standard in freestyle slalom skating and provides high maneuverability and precise control for executing complex movements. - Shell
The shell (German: Außenschale) is the rigid outer structure of an inline skate boot (used in hardboots or hybrid skates) that gives the skate its shape, stability, and protective function.
Together with the cuff (shaft), the shell forms the outer housing of the skate that encloses the liner (inner boot). - Shock absorber
A shock absorber is a cushioning element in an inline skate that reduces impacts and vibrations while skating, helping to protect the joints.
Good shock absorbers are especially recommended when landing high jumps, skating on rough surfaces, or dealing with hard impacts.
The shock absorber (or damper) is usually located:
in the heel area, between the insole and the shell, between the liner and the shell, or between the frame and the boot. - Skate helmet
A skate helmet is a helmet specifically designed for inline skating and roller sports, providing head protection in the event of falls or collisions.
Unlike regular bike helmets, a skate helmet is constructed to withstand multiple impacts (such as during tricks, grinds, or park sessions), especially protecting the back of the head, which is more commonly at risk while skating. - Skeleton
The term skeleton refers to the rigid framework or chassis of an inline skate, which holds and stabilizes the other components of the boot.
This is especially visible on softboot inline skates, where the skeleton is often the only part of the boot made from hard or non-flexible materials.
It provides lateral support and structure, while the soft cuff and liner ensure comfort and freedom of movement. - Soft boot
A softboot is an inline skate boot with a soft, flexible upper, usually made from mesh, textile, foam, and synthetic leather.
It is the more comfortable alternative to the classic hardboot and is primarily used in fitness skates, recreational models, and kids’ skates.
The advantages of a softboot skate are:
high comfort, good ventilation, lightweight design, and quick and easy on/off. - Strap
A strap refers to the band of a buckle.
It doesn’t matter whether it is the band of a traditional buckle, a ratchet buckle, or a Velcro strap, in all cases, the term refers to the part that is threaded through the buckle and used for securing or adjusting the fit. - Threadlocker (Loctite)
A threadlocker (commonly known by brand names such as Loctite or Liqui Moly) is a special liquid adhesive used when assembling screws in inline skates.
It prevents screws from loosening on their own due to vibrations or movement during skating.
For the screws and axles of inline skates, roller skates, and other action sports equipment, we at SkaMiDan recommend using a medium-strength threadlocker, which is typically identified by its blue color (label: medium-strength = blue).
The threadlocker is applied drop by drop to the thread of the screw during assembly.
Once cured, the screw connection remains securely fixed, but can still be removed if needed. - Toe Protector
A toe protector (also called toe cap or toe protector in English) is a reinforced section at the front of an inline skate boot.
It protects the toes and forefoot from impacts, abrasion, or collisions, especially important during falls or when skating in close contact with obstacles, curbs, or other skaters.
Toe and side protectors are particularly common on inline freestyle slalom skates and urban skates.
They help to protect the skate itself, making it more durable and long-lasting. - Top buckle
The top buckle (also known as upper closure) is the closure at the top of the cuff of an inline skate.
It provides stability in the ankle area and is essential for support, control, and safety while skating. - Torx
Torx is a special type of screw head with a star-shaped (six-pointed) profile, commonly used in inline skates for various mounting screws, such as those for wheels, frame attachment, or cuff screws.
The most commonly required size for inline skates is T-25 Torx. - Trinity Mounting
Trinity mounting is an innovative 3-point mounting system for attaching frames to inline skates, developed by Powerslide.
Unlike the traditional 2-point system (with 165 mm or 195 mm screw spacing), a Trinity frame is mounted to the skate with three screws: two front side screws and one rear center screw positioned under the heel.
The Trinity mounting system is especially popular among urban, fitness, and speed skaters who value control, comfort, and performance.
This design offers several advantages:
Lower center of gravity: The frame sits closer to the foot, as the wheels are slightly recessed into the sole of the boot. This provides greater stability and control.
Optimal power transfer: Pressure is distributed more evenly across the entire sole, improving skating efficiency.
High stiffness: The 3-point connection creates a very rigid, torsion-resistant link between the boot and the frame — ideal for precise control and dynamic skating. - Velcro fastener
A Velcro strap is a mechanical closure system often used on inline skates as an additional fastening across the instep or around the ankle area.
It consists of two parts: a hook strip (rough side) and a loop strip (soft side), which stick firmly together when pressed. - Ventilation
Ventilation refers to the skate’s ability to release heat and moisture to the outside.
It depends both on the materials used and on the number and placement of ventilation openings, which promote optimal airflow inside the skate. - Wheel base
Wheel setup (also called wheel configuration) refers to the arrangement and position of the wheels on the frame of an inline skate, meaning how the wheels are positioned in relation to each other (flat, rockered, mixed heights) and what sizes they are.
The wheel setup directly influences the skate’s handling, maneuverability, stability, and control.
A longer wheelbase (larger wheel setup) provides greater stability, while a shorter wheelbase offers increased maneuverability. - Wheel compound
The wheel compound refers to the chemical composition of the polyurethane (PU) used for the tread of an inline skate wheel.
It has a major impact on skating performance, especially in terms of:
Grip (traction), Wheel wear (durability), Cushioning, Rebound (energy return) and Rolling behavior on different surfaces. - Wheel core
The wheel core is the inner, rigid part of an inline skate wheel, where the bearings are seated.
It is usually made of hard plastic and serves as the connection between the soft PU tread and the bearings or axle.
The core influences rolling performance, weight, cushioning, and power transfer.
A plastic core provides a more comfortable ride.
A metal core, such as an aluminum core, enables higher speeds and a more direct power transfer. - Wheel hardness / durometer (A)
Wheel hardness is indicated in A values (e.g. 85A) and has a major impact on skating performance.
It affects rolling resistance, speed, and grip, among other things:
On smooth surfaces, a softer wheel is recommended, as it provides better grip and absorbs bumps more effectively.
On rough asphalt, harder wheels are the better choice, as they are more durable and roll more easily over uneven ground.
The Shore A hardness scale is an industry standard for measuring the hardness of rubber and plastics (A = Albert Ferdinand Shore, after the inventor).
The higher the number, the harder the material:
78A–82A = Soft — lots of grip and good cushioning, but wears faster.
83A–86A = Medium-hard — the perfect balance between grip and durability.
87A–90A+ = Hard — minimal cushioning, high durability, and very fast. - Wheel profile
The wheel profile refers to the shape of the wheel’s contact surface, meaning how rounded or flat it is, and how large the contact patch is that touches the ground.
In freestyle slalom skating, a round profile is typically preferred.
This provides consistent contact with the ground at all angles of movement, supporting smooth transitions, controlled spins, and precise edge control. - Wheel size
Wheel size refers to the diameter of an inline skate wheel, measured in millimeters (mm).
It is one of the most important factors influencing a skate’s performance, speed, maneuverability, and comfort.
Typical wheel sizes and their characteristics:
55–60 mm = Very small, extremely agile, low ride height;
Use: Aggressive inline skating
72–76 mm = Agile, stable, good control;
Use: Inline freestyle slalom skating, urban inline skating, wizard skating, inline hockey, etc.
80–84 mm = All-round size, good balance of speed & control;
Use: Fitness inline skating, urban inline skating, inline freestyle slalom skating, wizard skating, everyday skating, inline hockey, etc.
90–100 mm = Higher top speed, less maneuverability;
Use: Fitness inline skating, urban inline skating, inline freestyle slalom skating, etc.
110–125 mm = Very fast, excellent roll, minimal cushioning needed;
Use: Speed skating, marathons, long distances, urban inline skating, etc. - Wheel width
Wheel width refers to the lateral diameter of an inline skate wheel, essentially how wide the wheel is, measured from one side edge to the other.
It affects stability, maneuverability, grip, and compatibility with the frame. - Wheels
Wheels are one of the most important components of inline skates, they largely determine performance, speed, maneuverability, comfort, and the intended use of the skates.
They are typically made of polyurethane (PU) and come in a variety of sizes, hardness levels, and shapes.
The key characteristics of wheels are:
wheel size, wheel hardness, wheel profile, and wheel compound. - Unibody
Unibody refers to a construction method in inline skates where the boot and frame are made from a single, continuous piece — forming one unit.
Unlike traditional skates, where the frame is separately mounted to the boot (either screwed or riveted), in a unibody design everything is directly integrated.
This offers several advantages:
Lower weight, as fewer individual parts and screws are used;
Higher stability due to the seamless construction;
Better and more direct power transfer, since there are no joints or connection points that could flex or give way.
Vocabulary and components – Recreational and Fitness Inline Skating
Basic and technical terms for trick descriptions and skating techniques in recreational and fitness inline skating.
- Air
The term "Air" in skating simply refers to a jump during which the skater is noticeably airborne, meaning any moment when the skates lose contact with the ground and the skater is in the air.
The word originally comes from aggressive skating, skatepark, and vert skating, and is closely related to terminology from skateboarding and BMX slang. - Edging
Edging (German: Kantenfahren or Kanteneinsatz) in inline skating refers to the technique where the skater deliberately shifts their body weight onto the inside or outside edge of the wheels in order to turn, brake, or improve control. In doing so, the skates are tilted slightly to the side, so that not the full surface of the wheels, but rather their edge makes contact with the ground. - Fakie
The term fakie in this context refers to skating backwards on inline skates and is used as a prefix for tricks that are performed while moving backwards.
Example: A trick that is normally performed moving forward will, when executed backwards, be called fakie [trick name].
This naming indicates that the trick was initiated from the fakie position — meaning while skating backwards. - Grab
Grabs are tricks in inline skating where the skater, during a jump (air), uses one or both hands to grab one or both skates (or the frames or boots), hence, they are “grabbed.”
The term originally comes from skateboarding and BMX, but is now firmly established in both aggressive skating and vert skating. - Manual
Manuals are a category of tricks in inline skating, originally adopted from skateboarding. In these tricks, the skater rides on only part of the wheels, for example, only on the rear wheels (back manual) or only on the front wheels (toe manual).
The term manual refers to the controlled, balanced ride on one or two wheels, with neither the boot nor the frame touching the ground.
The trick requires precise balance and fine control over body posture. - Mondopoint (MP / cm)
Mondopoint is a sizing system — in fact, it’s the most important unit of measurement for us skaters when it comes to finding the right boot size.
While EU, US, and UK sizes can vary slightly between manufacturers and models, the Mondopoint size (measured in centimeters) always indicates the actual internal length of the skate — in other words, the exact foot length the skate is designed to fit.
👉 How to find the right Mondopoint size (quick guide):
Measure your foot length:
Do this barefoot and under full weight (while standing). The best method is to place your heels against a door frame and measure the distance from the heel to the tip of the longest toe.
Add some allowance:
Depending on your personal preference (and whether you want to wear thick or thin socks), we recommend adding 5–9 mm of allowance to your measured foot length.
Choose your size:
Compare your result to the size chart provided by the manufacturer.
→ The listed Mondopoint size (cm) should not be smaller than your foot length + allowance. - Slalom
Slalom is a precise skating technique in inline skating where the skater weaves smoothly through a line of cones (pylons) using flowing movements. The skater performs tight turns and a variety of figures with high levels of control and body coordination.
This form of slalom is typical of the Inline Freestyle Slalom discipline, where it is also judged as a category of tricks.
In the world of fitness skating, however, there is another skating technique that is colloquially referred to as slalom, but it should not be confused with the freestyle slalom described above.
In this slalom skating technique, the skater moves in zigzag patterns, without cones.
This technique can be used for various purposes:
to accelerate,
to maintain speed, or
to brake in a controlled manner. - Slide
Slides are a category of tricks in inline skating where the skater glides with controlled sliding across the surface, instead of simply rolling on the wheels.
In a slide, the skater deliberately creates lateral pressure or a tilted position, causing the wheels — or parts of the frame or boot — to slide smoothly over the ground.
Maintaining balance and body control is key to precisely steering or controlling the slide.
Slides can be used in many ways:
as tricks in freestyle or urban skating
as a control or braking technique (e.g. power slide)
as a stylistic element in trick combinations and runs. - Spin
The term spin refers to a rotation through a specific angle (measured in degrees).
Examples:
A 180° spin equals a half rotation.
A 360° spin is a full rotation.
A 540° spin equals one and a half rotations — and so on.
In practice, the word “spin” is often omitted. Instead, only the degree of rotation is mentioned, and usually pronounced in English:
One eighty = 180° rotation
Three sixty = 360° rotation
Five forty = 540° rotation, and so on. - Straight
The term straight is rarely used explicitly in skating. It simply refers to forward skating and is typically used as an additional descriptor for tricks that are performed without rotation while moving forward.
Example: A trick that could normally also be performed with a spin is called straight [trick name] when it is executed in a straight line from a forward approach. - Switch
Every skater naturally has a dominant side: a preferred leg, a favored direction of rotation, a more comfortable direction for shoulder checks, a preferred braking foot, and usually also a side on which certain tricks (such as grinds) feel more natural and secure to perform.
The term switch refers to performing techniques and tricks on or with the non-dominant side, meaning with the weaker leg or in the less familiar direction.
Example 1:
If a skater usually spins clockwise, then spinning counterclockwise would be considered a switch spin.
Example 2:
If a skater normally performs a grind to the right, then doing the same grind to the left (on the non-dominant side) would be called a switch grind. - Switchups
The term switch-up refers to changing foot position or switching trick position while performing a trick, for example, during a stall, slide, or grind.
A typical example:
If you perform a grind and, while still grinding, transition into a different grind, this transition is called a switch-up.
A switch-up increases the difficulty and dynamics of a trick and is especially popular in aggressive skating, park skating, and also in various freestyle disciplines. - Trick line or trick run
The term trick line or trick run refers to a sequence of multiple tricks that are performed continuously and smoothly, one after the other, without interruption.
A line or run can theoretically include as many elements as desired, such as street sections, objects, ramps, obstacles, and other features of the environment.
Difference between line and run:
A line ends as soon as the skater falls, crashes, or stops.
A run ends after a set time (e.g. 120 seconds), regardless of whether the skater continues rolling or falls.
In practice, people usually just say “run” or “line”, the word “trick” is often omitted. - Wallride
Wallrides are a category of tricks in inline skating (originally adopted from skateboarding) where the skater intentionally rides or slides along a wall or a vertical or steep surface.
The skater uses momentum to bring the skates, or part of the boot or frame, briefly onto the wall to glide or roll on it in a controlled manner, before returning to the ground.
Depending on the technique, a wallride can be performed:
using the wheels,
using the boot, or
using the frame.
Wallrides are especially popular in aggressive skating, street skating, and park skating, and can be combined with other tricks in versatile and creative ways. - Warm-up
The term warm-up refers to the preparatory phase for us skaters before we start our actual training, practice new techniques, or perform tricks.
A warm-up can take many forms, from a few easy laps on the inline skates to targeted stretching exercises and repeating basic techniques or fundamental tricks.
The goal is to get the body warmed up, prepare the muscles, and reduce the risk of injury. - Zero Spin
The term zero spin is used as an additional descriptor for tricks that are performed without rotation.
In practice, this term is most commonly used for jumps, to indicate that the trick is executed without any spin, meaning with 0° rotation.
Example: A jump that could normally be performed with rotation is called a zero spin [trick name] when it is executed straight and without rotation.